The Kidney Clinic

Glomerulonephritis is inflammation of the glomeruli, the filtering units in the kidneys, often caused by autoimmune diseases. This inflammation impairs kidney function and can lead to serious complications if not treated promptly.

Causes and Risk Factors

• Autoimmune Diseases: Conditions like Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) and Goodpasture Syndrome where the immune system attacks kidney tissues.
• Infections: Post-streptococcal infections can trigger glomerulonephritis.
• Systemic Diseases: Diabetes and hypertension may contribute.
• Genetics: Some forms have a hereditary component.

Symptoms

• Hematuria: Blood in the urine, which may appear red or brown.
• Proteinuria: Excess protein in urine, often causing foaminess.
• Edema: Swelling in legs, ankles, or face.
• Hypertension: Elevated blood pressure.
• Reduced Urine Output: Decreased frequency or volume of urine.

Diagnosis

Diagnosis involves:

• Urinalysis: Detects blood and protein in the urine.
• Blood Tests: Assesses kidney function and inflammation markers.
• Imaging Studies: Ultrasound or CT scans for kidney structure.
• Kidney Biopsy: Examines kidney tissue to identify the type and cause of glomerulonephritis.

Treatment

• Medications: Includes anti-inflammatory drugs, immunosuppressants, antihypertensives, and diuretics.
• Lifestyle Changes: Dietary modifications and blood pressure management.
• Advanced Care: Dialysis or kidney transplant may be necessary in severe cases.

Autoimmune Kidney Disorders

Immunity is our body’s ability to fight infections and cancer-forming cells. Sometimes the body is unable to regulate immunity and cells called lymphocytes and protein molecules called antibodies may act against your own tissue, which can cause organ dysfunction.

This is autoimmunity and diseases like Systemic Lupus Erythematosus, & Rheumatoid Arthritis are examples of autoimmune disease. The kidney is afflicted by a number of such conditions. Special blood tests and kidney biopsies are used to diagnose these conditions. Typically most of these conditions cause appearance of protein and blood in the urine.

It is very important to get these diagnosed quickly as kidney can be saved with timely treatment. Left untreated, these lead to scarring in kidney and permanent loss of kidney function.

Follow-Up Care

Regular monitoring is essential to manage symptoms, adjust treatments, and support kidney health. Our nephrologists provide personalized care plans to ensure effective management and long-term well-being.